Helicobacter pylori, commonly known as H. pylori, is one of the most common bacteria infecting the digestive system and is a primary cause of stomach ulcers and chronic inflammation. Despite its widespread prevalence, many people remain unaware of their infection until symptoms worsen or complications arise.

Yes, the bacteria can be transmitted from an infected person to another, but not as easily as the common cold; transmission occurs through specific routes related to hygiene, food, and water.

H. pylori mainly spreads through saliva or fecal contamination, which can happen by:

• Sharing utensils or spoons with an infected person.
• Consuming food or drinks contaminated with the bacteria.
• Not washing hands properly after using the bathroom.

Direct hand contact with an infected person usually does not transmit the infection unless there is direct contamination with saliva or feces followed by transfer to the mouth. Therefore, washing hands with soap after any contact with contaminated surfaces or objects remains the best preventive measure.

The bacteria remain contagious as long as they exist in the stomach, especially if the patient has not started treatment. Once antibiotic and acid-suppressing therapy begins, the chance of transmission gradually decreases until it is almost eliminated after complete eradication.

Typically, H. pylori is eradicated after two weeks of intensive treatment prescribed by a doctor, but confirming its elimination requires follow-up tests four weeks after the end of treatment.

The bacteria do not leave the body naturally; they are killed by medication and expelled with waste after dying from antibiotics. The immune system helps, but medical treatment is essential.