Egypt recorded an unprecedented primary surplus of 629 billion Egyptian pounds (about 13 billion dollars) during the fiscal year 2024-2025, equivalent to 3.6% of GDP, according to a statement issued by the Egyptian presidency on Saturday. The surplus increased by 80% compared to the previous fiscal year, which recorded 350 billion pounds. The primary surplus is defined as the difference between government revenues and expenditures excluding debt interest, reflecting the state’s ability to cover its basic expenses from its own resources. Despite Egypt still bearing high debt interest burdens, this financial performance indicates improved discipline in public financial management and a step to enhance investor and creditor confidence.