Two informed sources told Reuters that Russia will give up small pockets it occupies in Ukraine, while Kyiv will relinquish areas of its territory in the east that Moscow has failed to capture, under peace proposals discussed by Russian President Vladimir Putin and Donald Trump at their Alaska summit.

This came a day after the meeting between US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin at an air force base in Alaska, the first meeting between a US president and Putin since before the outbreak of the conflict in Ukraine.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky is scheduled to travel to Washington on Monday to discuss a possible settlement of the full-scale war launched by Putin in February 2022.

Although the summit failed to reach an agreement on a ceasefire that Trump said he wanted, he told Fox News in an interview that he discussed with Putin the transfer of land ownership and security guarantees for Ukraine, adding, “We largely agreed.”

“I think we are very close to reaching an agreement,” he added. “Ukraine has to agree to it. Maybe they will say no.”

The two sources, who asked to remain anonymous to discuss sensitive matters, said their knowledge of Putin’s proposals is mostly based on discussions among leaders in Europe, the US, and Ukraine, and noted that the information is incomplete.

Trump briefed Zelensky and European leaders on the summit talks early on Saturday.

It is not yet clear whether Putin’s proposals were an opening maneuver to start negotiations or a final offer not open to discussion.

Ukrainian Land for Peace

On the surface, some of the demands would pose significant challenges for the Ukrainian leadership to accept.

Putin’s offer excludes a ceasefire until a comprehensive agreement is reached, hindering a key demand by Zelensky, whose country faces daily bombardment from Russian drones and ballistic missiles.

According to the sources, under the proposed Russian agreement, Kyiv would fully withdraw from the eastern Donetsk and Luhansk regions in exchange for a Russian pledge to freeze the front lines in the southern Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions.

Ukraine has already rejected any withdrawal from Ukrainian territory such as Donetsk, where its forces are entrenched and which Kyiv says forms a key defensive structure to prevent Russian attacks deep into its territory.

The sources said Russia would be prepared to return relatively small areas of Ukrainian territory it occupied in the northern Sumy region and northeast Kharkiv.

Russia controls pockets in Sumy and Kharkiv totaling about 440 square kilometers, according to a battlefield mapping project in Ukraine. Ukraine controls about 6,600 square kilometers of Donbas, which includes Donetsk and Luhansk and is claimed by Russia.

Although the Americans did not clarify this, the sources said they know that Putin is also seeking, at minimum, official recognition of Russian sovereignty over Crimea, which Moscow seized from Ukraine in 2014.

It is unclear whether that means recognition by the US government or, for example, all Western powers and Ukraine. Kyiv and its European allies reject official recognition of Moscow’s sovereignty over the peninsula.

The sources said Putin also expects a lifting of a range of sanctions imposed on Russia at least. However, they could not determine whether this applies to both US and European sanctions.

On Friday, Trump noted that he does not currently need to consider imposing counter-tariffs on countries like China for buying Russian oil, which is subject to a range of Western sanctions, but may have to do so “in two or three weeks.”

The sources said Ukraine would also be barred from joining NATO, although Putin appeared open to Ukraine receiving some form of security guarantees.

However, they added it is unclear what that means in practice. European leaders said Trump discussed security guarantees for Ukraine during their talks on Saturday, and they raised the idea of guarantees similar to “Article 5” outside NATO.

NATO considers any attack on one of its members an attack on all under Article 5.

Joining the alliance is a strategic goal for Kyiv enshrined in the country’s constitution.

The sources said Russia would also demand that the Russian language be given official status within parts of Ukraine or across the country, as well as the right of the Russian Orthodox Church to operate freely.

The Ukrainian security service accuses the Moscow-linked church of inciting the Russian war in Ukraine by spreading pro-Russian propaganda and harboring spies, which the church denies, saying it has severed ecclesiastical ties with Moscow.

Ukraine enacted a law banning religious organizations linked to Russia, of which the church is considered one. However, it has not yet begun to enforce the ban.