Magnesium is an essential mineral for building bones and maintaining normal body functions. People usually get their needed amount from food, but some cases require supplements to compensate for deficiency. Despite its benefits, excessive intake can lead to serious side effects that should be noted, according to the medical site “WebMD”.

The most common side effect of high doses of magnesium is diarrhea; it acts as a laxative by drawing water into the intestines. It may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or abdominal cramps. These symptoms increase with poorly absorbed forms like magnesium oxide, while they decrease with better absorbed types such as glycinate or malate. Any supplement exceeding 350 milligrams daily may cause diarrhea that could lead to dehydration if prolonged, according to “Verywell Health”.

Magnesium is essential for heart function, but excess magnesium can disrupt the heart’s electrical system. Symptoms may include chest pain, palpitations, low blood pressure, and in severe cases, cardiac arrest. These complications are more dangerous for those with pre-existing heart disorders.

Very high doses of magnesium affect the nerve signals responsible for breathing, leading to slow or irregular breathing, known as “respiratory depression.” If respiratory muscles weaken or become paralyzed, it may lead to complete respiratory arrest, a fatal condition if not treated immediately.

Excessive magnesium levels affect the brain and nervous system. Patients may experience severe drowsiness, mental confusion, lethargy, or even depression. It can also cause muscle weakness, loss of reflexes, seizures, or coma. Without medical intervention, these complications may be permanent or fatal.

The kidneys are responsible for eliminating excess magnesium. In cases of kidney failure, magnesium accumulates in the blood to dangerous levels. Therefore, kidney patients are warned against taking supplements without medical advice as they are more susceptible to magnesium toxicity.

High blood magnesium, or hypermagnesemia, can be life-threatening. Although rare, deaths have been recorded especially among those with chronic diseases. Children, the elderly, and patients with kidney or liver diseases are the most vulnerable groups.

The recommended daily dose is 400-420 milligrams for men and 310-320 milligrams for women. It is preferable to obtain magnesium from food such as leafy vegetables, nuts, and whole grains. Toxicity usually occurs only with massive doses approaching 5,000 milligrams daily, but even smaller doses exceeding 350 milligrams may cause diarrhea.

Magnesium is an important and essential mineral, but its excess can become a real danger. Therefore, the dose prescribed by the doctor must be adhered to, and supplements should only be taken when medically necessary.