The Political Rights Exercise Law sets regulations and mechanisms for Egyptians abroad to vote in elections.

Article 50 states that every Egyptian residing outside Egypt has the right to vote in elections and referendums, provided their name is registered in the voter database and they hold a valid national ID or passport containing the national ID number.

Chairpersons, members, and staff of election committees abroad cast their votes in the polling station they supervise. The National Election Authority issues a decision, after consulting the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to determine the number of election committees abroad and form them from sufficient members of the diplomatic and consular corps, along with one or more principal secretaries from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Voting takes place at the Egyptian consulate, diplomatic mission, or any other location designated by the National Election Authority in coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

The voting process abroad begins before the date set in Egypt and lasts for a period determined by the Supreme Committee, daily from 9 AM to 9 PM local time of the voting country.

At the end of each voting day, the supervising committee takes measures to seal ballot boxes securely to prevent tampering, storing them safely at the committee’s headquarters, with documentation recorded in official minutes.

After voting ends, the election committee counts and records the number of voters, valid and invalid votes, and votes for each candidate or referendum option in a signed report.

The election papers, voter lists, reports, and any appeals are sent to the National Election Authority following specified procedures and deadlines. The Authority also determines how election committees abroad keep copies of results.

The National Election Authority announced the timetable for the 2025 House of Representatives elections in two phases: the first in 14 governorates and the second in 13 governorates. Candidate registration opens on October 8 and closes on October 15, 2025, with administrative court rulings on appeals between October 19 and 21.

Elections abroad will be held on November 7 and 8, and inside Egypt on November 10 and 11, with official results announced on November 18.

Runoff elections abroad will be held on December 1 and 2, and inside on December 3 and 4, with results announced on December 11.

The second phase’s campaign starts on November 6, with elections abroad on November 21 and 22, and inside on November 24 and 25, with results announced on December 2.

Runoff elections for the second phase abroad will be on December 15 and 16, and inside on December 17 and 18, with final results announced on December 25.

The elections are held according to the electoral district division law ratified by President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi in June 2023, forming 143 individual constituencies with 284 seats and 4 closed-list constituencies with 284 seats.

The first phase includes 14 governorates for both individual and list systems, and the second phase includes 13 governorates for both systems.